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- Background
Formerly found in the <body> tag or in tables, the background attribute is deprecated and must be replaced by CSS. The background attribute specifies the URL of an image to use behind the page content. The image is tiled by default (repeated in each direction until the space is filled). CSS and HTML4 allow non-tiled backgrounds. To set the background to a colour use the CSS below instead of the deprecated bgcolor attribute.
CSS and Backgrounds. Style sheets can put a background behind individual elements, position the main background away from the page edges, stop background images repeating in either or both directions and dictate whether the image scrolls with the page or remains fixed.
The CSS properties and values are:- background-color
: color name, an RGB value or transparent - background-image:url()
: Absolute or relative URL inside the () brackets. No " marks are required around the URL itself so either use \ to escape any spaces in the filename or rename the file.
background-image:url(../images/navbar.png) - background-repeat
: repeat, (default) repeat-x (across the screen), repeat-y (down the screen), no-repeat (if content exceeds image extent, leave blank). - background-attachment
: scroll or fixed. By default, background images are attached to the page so that when the visitor scrolls down the page, the content and background move together. If you set fixed, the content will move over the background. Take care that a fixed background doesn't end up obscuring parts of the content by using the same colours etcetera. - background-position
: top/center/bottom or left/center/right or percent or length values.
Top - background-color
- Base
base tag: (Must be within the <head></head> section.) Common use is to specify the target for all links in a frameset document. If the document is part of a frameset, you can specify an output frame by name. To override the base target, specify a target as
<a href="" target="differentframe">. HTML4 requires the tag to specify the base URL for all relative links in the document (which is otherwise assumed to be the current directory). Note that specifying<base href="URL">will cause problems during design; each time you click a link in a document to check the operation of the site, the base href URL will cause the browser to look for the link on the web, not on your computer.
Top - bgcolor
bgcolor attribute: Deprecated Sets the colour background. Use either a colour name or describe the exact colour using hexadecimal numbers to describe the settings for red, green and blue. Colour names are preferable.
Top - Body
body tag: Every HTML document, except a frameset, needs a <body> </body> tag as the beginning and end of the content area. Attributes specified in the body tag apply equally to all parts of the document. CSS allows the usual body attributes to be specified as part of the style, including backgrounds,text colours, and link colours. The body tag is also the home of the onLoad() Javascript function which is only called once, after the document has finished loading - executing configuration code outside onLoad can cause errors if certain parts of the document have not yet been downloaded over a slow connection.
Top - Bold
Bold tag: <b></b> Despite the name, this tag does not necessarily cause the text enclosed to be displayed in bold type face - that depends on the settings in the user's browser. CSS allows the web site designer to force the <b> tag to use the bold typeface by redefining the tag: B {font-weight:bold;}
Top - Boolean - Javascript
- Constructors
Create a new Boolean value with a value true or false.
var mybool = new Boolean(true);
Convert a value to a boolean
myvalue = Boolean(true);
- Method
Convert a boolean to a string.
var mystring = Boolean.toString();
- Constructors
- Border
Deprecated border attribute: Used for tables and for images contained within <a> tags. e.g. <a href="URL"><img src="URL2" alt="REQUIRED" border=0>LINK_TEXT</a> causes the image to be displayed as a link to the first URL but without a distracting border. If you use tables to layout a page, setting the border=0 ensures that the table is hidden and only the layout is seen.
Border - CSS
Values for border-width, border-top-width, border-left-width, border-bottom-width, border-right-width:
thin | medium | thick | lengthValues for border-color.
Values for border-style:
solid ridge dashed outsetdouble groove dotted inset - Br
br tag: <br> causes a line break without a space above. see also <p></p>. <br> has no end tag. (For XHTML, you will need to express it as an empty tag:
<br />.)
Top - Browser
Your browser determines how you see the HTML document. Popular browsers include Mozilla, Netscape and Microsoft Internet Explorer. Do not write exclusively for one browser, write to the published standard. Although each browser and each version handles HTML in different ways, recent versions of all browsers comply to the standards for HTML4 set out by the W3C. When designing your site, write your code to fit the HTML4 standard and validate your code against the standard. It is still worth testing in different browsers, but more to check that the layout is what you intended, rather than to solve errors. Netscape v3 and Internet Explorer v3 (Win95) are not commonly used now that IE5/6 and Netscape6 are available. Mozilla is the basis of Netscape6 and is commonly installed on Mac and Linux systems. Standards-compliance may seem an extra hassle but it is increasingly simplifying design by removing bugs and don't forget other users who may need to use text-based browsers or text-to-speech browsers.
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